Educational Guidelines General Concepts:
The educational programs of the Orthopaedic Department have two goals:
- To assist the residents in acquiring the necessary knowledge and training
to become competent Orthopaedic surgeons
- To provide them with the desire and know-how to effectively acquire
new professional knowledge for the rest of their lives.
It appears that the effectiveness of such traditional teaching methods
as lectures and conferences can be greatly enhanced if they are complemented
by a pre-learning phase (i.e.: preparatory reading) and a post-learning
phase (regular reviews of the required material). During the actual teaching
event, the teacher should regularly interact with the residents to ascertain
that they have understood the reading material and can apply it appropriately.
To give the residents enough time for preparation, the core learning programs
and the individual teaching programs of the affiliated hospitals should
be distributed at least three months ahead of time. These programs should
identify those responsible for various teaching efforts and should indicate
what preparatory reading is required. Review quizzes with a clear delineation
of the material covered should be held at one to three month intervals.
Specific Teaching and Learning Methods
Overview
The following methods and materials will be employed in the learning
process:List of core textbooks, course scientific articles and core audiovisual
or electronic learning aids
instruction in optimal learning and test taking methods
Facilitation of computer literacy
A core educational program that reviews all the material pertinent to
good orthopaedic practice in a two year cycle
Lectures and teaching sessions by outside guest speakers
Varied orthopaedic teaching programs at each of the affiliated hospitals
with focus on the hospital's strengths
Instructional Materials
The preparatory reading indicated and the teaching schedule should
be related to core textbooks, scientific articles, the Orthopaedic Knowledge
Update(OKU) or the audiovisual material available in the orthopaedic learning
center. Per hour taught, the reading of not more than four to six articles
should be required. Seven copies of all material that is not part
of the core textbooks or the OKU must be handed in to the Orthopaedic
Residency Coordinator three weeks before the teaching event so that it
can be made available to the residents ten days to two weeks beforehand.
For each learning event, the responsible teacher will prepare three multiple
choice questions, which are available from the Orthopaedic Residency Coordinator,
that will form the basis of a review quiz to be administered every two
months.
Learning Events
The principle learning events include the following: Grand Rounds lectures:
These lectures should be of interest to the orthopaedic community and
should carry CME accreditation.
Faculty lectures:
These lectures should be didactic in nature and review specific topics
in comprehensive fashion. They should be based on current textbook
knowledge and incorporate discussion of the 4-6 principle publications
concerning the topic. During the lecture, particularly when these publications
are discussed, the resident should be involved interactively. Resident
lectures:
Each resident is expected to give approximately one lecture a year. These
should be formal presentations that include slides, handouts, and reference
lists.
Tutorials or "Closed Book" interactive sessions between faculty and residents:
These are based on key learning material that the residents have mastered.
The following will be taught in the form of tutorials: 1) the Orthopaedic
Knowledge Update (two-year cycle), and 2) topic tutorials
The tutor keeps a list that reflects the resident's performance. This
record is handed in to the Orthopaedic Residency Coordinator at the end
of the session.
Multidisciplinary conferences:
These are devoted to case presentations that involve specialties other than
orthopaedic surgery and are organized by one or more faculty members.
Quizzes:
Each teacher responsible for a learning session prepares three multiple
choice questions for each hour taught that reflect on the topic covered
and is based on material that has been handed to the residents. Every two
months a number of these multiple choice questions are chosen to test effectiveness
of the learning process.
Anatomy:
Anatomy will be covered by each hospital. The resident will receive a proposed
curriculum, complimented by cadaveric dissections and clinical correlation.
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